Ubushakashatsi bwa DHS7 bugaragaza izamuka ry’inda ziterwa abangavu n’intambwe mu buzima rusange bw’Abanyarwanda

DHS7 bugaragaza izamuka ry’inda ziterwa abangavu n’intambwe mu buzima rusange bw’Abanyarwanda

Ubushakashatsi bwa karindwi ku mibereho n’ubuzima mu Rwanda (DHS7) bwerekanye ko inda ziterwa abangavu bari hagati y’imyaka 15 na 19 ziyongereye ku kigero cya 3% mu myaka itanu ishize, ziva kuri 5% mu 2020 zigera kuri 8% mu 2025. Iyi mibare yateje impungenge inzego z’ubuzima, mu gihe hari n’izindi ntambwe zigaragara mu kugabanya impfu z’ababyeyi n’abana, igwingira ndetse n’uburumbuke.

Ubushakashatsi bwa 7 ku mibereho n’ubuzima mu Rwanda (Demographic and Health Survey – DHS7) bwamuritswe ku mugaragaro kuri uyu wa Gatatu tariki ya 17 Ukuboza 2025 n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR). Ubu bushakashatsi bukorwa buri myaka itanu, bugamije gupima no gusesengura ishusho rusange y’imibereho n’ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda, burimo ibipimo by’ingenzi nk’igwingira mu bana, uburumbuke, kuboneza urubyaro, ubuzima bw’ababyeyi n’abana, serivisi z’ubuzima n’ubumenyi ku ndwara zitandukanye zirimo n’ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA.

Amakuru yakusanyijwe hagati ya tariki ya 05 Kamena na 25 Ukwakira 2025, agaragaza ko mu ngeri nyinshi u Rwanda rukomeje gutera intambwe ishimishije, nubwo hari ibibazo bikomeje kugaragara cyane cyane iby’inda ziterwa abangavu.

Inda ziterwa abangavu: ikibazo gikomeje guteza impungenge

Imwe mu mibare yagarutsweho cyane muri DHS7 ni iy’izamuka ry’inda ziterwa abangavu. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko mu 2025 abangavu bari hagati y’imyaka 15 na 19 batewe inda bageze kuri 8%, bavuye kuri 5% mu 2020, bivuze izamuka rya 3% mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu gusa.

Iyo mibare irushaho kugaragaza itandukaniro rishingiye ku rwego rw’uburezi. Mu bangavu batewe inda, abatarigeze biga ni 21%, abize amashuri abanza gusa ni 13%, mu gihe abageze mu mashuri yisumbuye ari 4%. Ibi bigaragaza ko uburezi bugira uruhare runini mu kugabanya inda ziterwa abangavu.

Minisitiri w’Ubuzima, Dr. Sabin Nsanzimana, yavuze ko izi mpinduka ziteye inkeke zikwiye kwitabwaho byihuse kuko zigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw’umwana n’umubyeyi.
Ati: “Umwana ubyaye akiri muto akenshi imibare yerekana ko ari ho havamo abana bavuka batagejeje igihe, ndetse na ba nyina bakagira ibibazo bikomeye mu gihe cyo kubyara.”

Yakomeje asobanura ko inda ziterwa abangavu zifitanye isano n’ikibazo cy’igwingira.
Ati: “Mu mibare dufite, abana benshi bagwingira akenshi baba baturuka ku babyeyi batabyariye ku gihe. Ibi bigaragaza ko iki ari ikibazo kigomba guhabwa umwanya munini mu politiki z’ubuzima.”

Minisitiri w’Ubuzima yongeyeho ko inda ziterwa abangavu zigira uruhare mu mibare y’impfu z’abana bavuka n’ababyeyi, aho yavuze ko muri uru rwego nta mpinduka nziza zigaragara uko bikwiye, bityo bikaba ari ahantu hakwiye kwibandwaho mu myaka iri imbere.

Igwingira mu bana: hari intambwe ariko urugendo ruracyari rurerure

N'ubwo ikibazo cy’inda ziterwa abangavu gikomeje kwiyongera, DHS7 igaragaza ko mu myaka itanu ishize hari intambwe yatewe mu kugabanya igwingira mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu. Muri rusange, igwingira ryagabanutseho 6%.

Mu 2025, igipimo cy’igwingira mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu cyageze kuri 27% ku rwego rw’igihugu. Nubwo ari intambwe ugereranyije n’imyaka ishize, iyi mibare iracyerekana ko igwingira rikiri ikibazo gikomeye cyane cyane mu turere tumwe na tumwe.

Uturere twagaragayemo igwingira ku kigero kiri hejuru ni Gicumbi ifite 38,8%, Burera ifite 37,6% na Ngororero ifite 35,5%. Mu karere ka Ngororero, igwingira ryagabanutse riva kuri 50,5% mu 2020, bigaragaza ko hari ingamba zatangiye gutanga umusaruro, nubwo hakiri urugendo rurerure.

 Uburumbuke buragabanuka, serivisi z’ubuzima zigenda zitera imbere

DHS7 igaragaza ko igipimo cy’uburumbuke mu Banyarwandakazi cyakomeje kugabanuka. Mu 2025, umugore w’Umunyarwanda abyara impuzandengo y’abana 3,7, avuye kuri 4,1 mu 2020.

Iyi mibare itandukana bitewe n’uturere tw’igihugu. Umugore wo mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba abarirwa abana 4, mu Majyepfo ni 3,9, mu Majyaruguru ni 3,8, mu Burengerazuba ni 3,4, mu gihe mu Mujyi wa Kigali ari 3,1. Ibi byerekana ko imibereho yo mu mijyi, uburezi n’ikoreshwa rya serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro bigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya uburumbuke.

Mu bijyanye na serivisi z’ubuzima, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko abagore 98% babyarira kwa muganga kandi bakitabwaho n’abaganga babifitiye ubushobozi, bavuye kuri 95% mu 2020. Ibi bigaragaza iterambere rikomeye mu kubona serivisi z’ubuzima bwiza.

 Impfu z’ababyeyi n’abana zigenda zigabanuka,
Mu myaka itanu ishize, impfu z’ababyeyi bapfa babyara zagabanutse ku kigero kigaragara. Zavuye ku babyeyi 203 bapfa mu 100.000 mu 2020, zigera ku 149 mu 2025. Iyi ni intambwe ishimishije mu rugamba rwo kurengera ubuzima bw’abagore.

Naho ku mpfu z’abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu, zagabanutse ziva kuri 45 mu bana 1.000 mu 2020, zigera kuri 36 mu 2025. Abana bapfa bavuka bagabanutse bava kuri 33 bagera kuri 27 mu bana 1.000, mu gihe abapfa bamaze amezi make bavutse bavuye kuri 19 bagera kuri 17.

Inkingo n’ubuvuzi bw’ibanze

Ku bijyanye n’inkingo, DHS7 igaragaza ko abana bahabwa inkingo zose z’ibanze bavuye kuri 96% mu 2020 bagera kuri 94% mu 2025. Mu mijyi, iki gipimo kiri kuri 93% mu gihe mu cyaro kiri kuri 95%.

Abana bahabwa inkingo zose nk’uko biteganywa n’inzego z’ubuzima mu Rwanda bari kuri 82%, aho mu mijyi ari 85% naho mu cyaro bakaba 80%. Ibi byerekana ko hakiri icyuho gikeneye kwitabwaho, cyane cyane mu byaro.

Abayobozi bagaragaza icyerekezo

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NISR, Ivan Murenzi, yavuze ko amakuru akubiye muri DHS7 agaragaza ko u Rwanda rukomeje gutera intambwe mu ngeri nyinshi z’ubuzima n’imibereho.
Ati: “Hari intego igihugu na Leta baba bafite, natwe nk’Ikigo gishinzwe Ibarurishamibare tukabafasha kureba aho tugeze n’ibisabwa kugira ngo tugere ku ntego ziri imbere.”

Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi, Yusuf Murangwa, yavuze ko ubu bushakashatsi ari gihamya y’ireme ry’imibereho y’Abanyarwanda n’icyerekezo cy’igihugu binyuze muri Gahunda y’Igihugu y’Iterambere (NST2).

 Ubushakashatsi bwa DHS7 bugaragaza ishusho ivanze y’ubuzima n’imibereho mu Rwanda: hari intambwe igaragara mu kugabanya impfu z’ababyeyi n’abana, igwingira n’uburumbuke, ndetse no mu kubona serivisi z’ubuzima. Ariko kandi, izamuka ry’inda ziterwa abangavu rikomeje kugaragara nk’ikibazo gikomeye gisaba ingamba zifatika, zirimo kongera ubukangurambaga, guteza imbere uburezi bw’abakobwa no kunoza serivisi z’ubuzima bw’imyororokere.

Ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi bizakomeza kuba ishingiro ryo gutegura politiki n’ingamba zigamije guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’Abanyarwanda no kugera ku ntego z’iterambere rirambye.

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