Impamvu/Ingaruka: Bigiye gufasha gusobanukirwa inkomoko n’ikwirakwira ry’abantu muri Afurika

CASABLANCA, Maroc – Abashakashatsi mu by’ibinyabuzima n’amateka ya muntu bavumbuye ibisigaratongo by’abantu ba kera mu buvumo bwo muri Maroc, bikekwa ko byabayeho mu myaka igera ku 773.000 ishize, bikaba bifitanye isano n’abantu b’ubu (Homo sapiens). Ibi bimenyetso biri gutanga umusanzu ukomeye mu gusobanukirwa inkomoko y’abantu n’ukuntu bageze kandi bakwirakwira muri Afurika.

Ibyo bisigaratongo byabonetse mu buvumo buzwi nka “Grotte à Hominidés”, buherereye mu mujyi wa Casablanca, aho abahanga bavuga ko bwari ahantu ibikoko byisengeraga, by’umwihariko impyisi.

 Abashakashatsi batangaje ko basanze amenyo n’inzasaya z’abantu babiri bakuru n’umwana umwe, ndetse n’andi magufa arimo iryo mu kibero n’igufwa ry’urutirigongo. Iperereza ryakozwe ku gufa ryo mu kibero ryagaragaje ibimenyetso by’uko ryangijwe n’impyisi, bigaragaza ko uwo muntu ashobora kuba yarishwe n’izo nyamaswa.

Bamwe mu bahanga bavuga ko ibi bisigaratongo bishobora kuba byaraturutse ku biremwa bifitanye isano na Homo erectus, ari byo byari bisanzwe bigenda ku maguru abiri nk’abantu b’ubu. Ibi biremwa byagaragaye bwa mbere muri Afurika mu myaka hafi miliyoni 1,9 ishize, nyuma bigakwira no muri Aziya n’u Burayi.

Ibyabonetse muri ubu bushakashatsi bigaragaza ko iri tsinda ry’abantu ba kera ryabayeho mbere y’igihe Homo sapiens igaragarira, ari na yo nkomoko y’abantu b’ubu bo muri Afurika. Nanone, ibyo bisigaratongo byerekana icyiciro cyabanjirije ibindi biremwa byaje kumenyekana nka Neanderthals na Denisovans, byabaye inkomoko y’abatuye Aziya n’u Burayi.

Umushakashatsi Jean-Jacques Hublin wo muri Collège de France i Paris, wayoboye ubu bushakashatsi, yavuze ko hakiri kare kuvuga ko ibyo bisigaratongo ari iby’isekuru rya vuba rya muntu. Yagize ati:

“Ntibyoroshye kuvuga ko ari ibisigaratongo by’abasekuruza ba vuba b’abantu, ariko biri hafi cyane y’abantu ba kera bakomotseho Homo sapiens muri Afurika, ndetse na Neanderthals na Denisovans mu Burayi no muri Aziya.”

Abahanga bibutsa ko ibisigaratongo bya Homo sapiens byari bimaze kumenyekana byavumbuwe mu yindi site yo muri Maroc izwi nka Jebel Irhoud, bikekwa ko byabayeho mu myaka 315.000 ishize. Ibyavumbuwe ubu byongera gushimangira ko Afurika, by’umwihariko Maroc, ifite umwanya w’ingenzi mu mateka y’inkomoko y’abantu ku Isi, bikaba bigiye gukomeza gufasha mu bushakashatsi ku isano n’iterambere ry’abantu ba kera.