Uko Uburezi mu Rwanda Buhagaze mu 2025: Imibare, Imbogamizi n'Inzira nshya z'Iterambere

Minisiteri y’Uburezi mu Rwanda (MINEDUC) yatangaje ko 35% by’Abanyarwanda bari ku ntebe y’ishuri, abandi bakaba bagenda biyongera mu byiciro bitandukanye by’amashuri. Ni imibare igaragaza ishusho y’uburezi mu gihugu, ikerekana aho imbaraga zikenewe n’aho iterambere rimaze kugerwaho.

Uburezi ni imwe mu nkingi z’iterambere igihugu cyose gishingiraho. Mu Rwanda, iyi nkingi yihariye umwihariko kuko kuva nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, uburezi bwagiye buganwa nk’imbarutso y’amahoro, ubumwe n’iterambere. Ku nsanganyamatsiko y’Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wa Mwarimu yo mu 2025 igira iti “Uburezi ni umwuga usaba ubufatanye,” MINEDUC yagaragaje ishusho y’ahagaze uburezi bw’igihugu, mu mibare ifatika igaragaza icyerekezo cy’igihe kirekire.

Ku banyarwanda bagera kuri miliyoni 13.55, abarenga miliyoni 4.76 bari mu mashuri, kuva ku mashuri y’inshuke kugeza ku mashuri makuru na gahunda zabakuze biga gusoma no kwandika. Ubu bukaba ari ubuhamya bugaragaza ko politiki y’uburezi budaheza ikomeje gutera imbere, nubwo ikindi cyiciro kigaragaza ko hari byinshi bigikeneye kongerwamo imbaraga.

MINEDUC yagaragaje ko 35% by’Abanyarwanda bari kwiga, ni ukuvuga 4,766,125 mu baturage 13,550,000. Aba banyeshuri bose babarizwa mu cyiciro cy’inshuke, abanza, ayisumbuye, imyuga na kaminuza, ndetse n'abakuze biga gusoma no kwandika.

Imibare yerekanwa na MINEDUC igaragaza ibi bikurikira:

• 605,229 biga mu mashuri y'inshuke
• 3,000,709 biga mu mashuri abanza
• 598,806 biga mu cyiciro rusange cy’ayisumbuye
• 196,384 biga mu cyiciro cya kabiri cy’ayisumbuye
• 116,791 biga mu mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro
• 12,423 biga imyuga y’igihe gito
• 15,543 biga mu mashuri makuru y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro (Polytechnics)
• 114,931 biga mu mashuri makuru na kaminuza
• 99,255 biga mu mashuri y’abakuze (Adult Literacy)

Iyi mibare igaragaza ko uburezi bw’ibanze n’icyiciro rusange aribyo byigwamo cyane, mu gihe amashuri makuru na TVET akigaragaza icyuho mu mubare, nubwo politiki y’igihugu yahaye TVET umwihariko wo kuzamura ubumenyi bufatika.

MINEDUC yerekana ko mu gihugu hose hari:

• 5,041 ibigo mu burezi bw’ibanze
• 4,264 by’inshuke
• 4,108 by’amashuri abanza
• 1,916 bifite icyiciro rusange cy’ayisumbuye
• 981 bifite icyiciro cya kabiri cy’ayisumbuye
• 581 by’imyuga na TVET
• 120 by’uburezi mbonezamwuga (Professional Education)

Mu buryo bw’imitungo n’ubushobozi, 72% by’ibi bigo ni ibya Leta cyangwa bifashwa na Leta:

• 1,576 bya Leta
• 2,084 bifashwa na Leta
• 
  1,381 by’abigenga

Ibi bigaragaza ko Leta ari yo itunze uburezi mu buryo bukomeye, naho ibyigenga bigira uruhare ruringaniye ariko rufite umusaruro mu mijyi.

U Rwanda rufite abarimu 133,029, barimo 117,839 bigisha n’aba 15,190 bayobora ibigo.

• A2 (Secondary School Diploma): 69%
• A0 (Bachelor’s Degree): 21%
• A1 (Diploma): 10%

Ibyo byerekana ko igihugu kigikeneye kongera abarimu bafite impamyabumenyi yo ku rwego rwo hejuru, cyane cyane mu cyiciro cya A0 n’A1.

• Abarimukazi bafite A2: 43,398
• Abagabo bafite A2: 27,613
• Abarimukazi bafite A1: 3,644
• Abagabo bafite A1: 7,023
• Abarimukazi bafite A0: 7,728
• Abagabo bafite A0: 13,419

Umuubare w’abagore bari mu buyobozi bw’ibigo uracyari muto:

• Abagabo bayobora ibigo: 2,345 (74%)
• Abagore bayobora ibigo: 734 (26%)

Ibi bigaragaza ko hakiri icyuho mu buringanire mu myanya y’ubuyobozi mu burezi.

MINEDUC irerekana ibihe bishya byagaragaye mu mwaka w’amashuri 2024/2025.

• Mu mashuri abanza, Primary 1 ni yo ifite abanyeshuri benshi: 746,241
• Mu yisumbuye, S1 ni yo ifite benshi: 218,074

Ibi bigaragaza ko politiki yo kwigisha abana bato no kongera ubwitabire mu cyiciro rusange ikomeje gutanga umusaruro.

Mu kizamini gisoza ikiciro k’abanza:

• Akarere ka Kirehe: 97% (aka mbere)
• Akarere ka Nyaruguru: 65% (aka nyuma)

Mu cyiciro rusange cy’ayisumbuye:

• Kirehe: 93% (aka mbere)
• Musanze: 49% (aka nyuma)

Mu mashuri yisumbuye (A-Level):

• Kayonza: 97% (aka mbere)
• Kamonyi: 85% (aka nyuma)

Ibi bigaragaza uko ibigo bimwe bifite icyuho mu bikoresho, abarimu n'imyigire y’abanyeshuri. Tukibona ko Kirehe yitwaye neza ku nzego zose, mu gihe izindi ntara zigikeneye gushyirwamo imbaraga mu mibereho y’abarimu, ibikorwaremezo, no kunoza imyigishirize.

Leta yashyize imbere gahunda zikomeye zigamije kuvugurura uburezi bujyanye n’igihe.

• Kuzamura ireme ry’uburezi mu byiciro byose
• Gukomeza guteza imbere amashuri y’imyuga (TVET)
• Guhuza TVET n’isoko ry’umurimo
• Gukomeza guteza imbere uburezi budaheza
• Kongera umubare w’abiga Inshuke bava kuri 35% bakagera kuri 65%
• Gushyira imbaraga mu gukurikirana abana bata ishuri
• Kongera umubare w’abarimu bafite ubumenyi bujyanye n’icyerekezo cy’igihugu
• Gukomeza kubaka amashuri mashya no kongera ibikoresho by’ireme

• Guteza imbere gahunda yo gusoma no kwandika
• Gutuma abakuze babasha kwiga imyuga n'ubumenyi ngiro
• Kuvugurura uburyo bw’imyigishirize ku buryo bujyanye n’isi y’ikoranabuhanga

Nubwo hari byinshi byakozwe, MINEDUC ivuga ko hakiri:

• Icyuho mu burenganzira bw’abana bamwe bataragera ku burezi bw'inshuke
• Umubare muto w’abarimu bafite ubumenyi buhagije ku rwego rwa kaminuza
• Ingufu nke mu burezi bwa TVET n'ibikoresho bidahagije
• Icyuho mu myigishirize mu turere tumwe two mu cyaro
• Gahunda z’abakuze zigifite ubwitabire buke
• Gutanga umushahara ukwiye ku barimu kugira ngo haboneke impano nyinshi mu burezi

Imibare n’isesengura bya MINEDUC mu 2025 bigaragaza ishusho y’uburezi mu Rwanda ifite aho yateye imbere mu buryo bugaragara, ariko kandi ifite icyuho gikomeye kigikeneye kwitabwaho mu buryo bwihuse. Uburezi bw'inshuke bugomba kongerwamo imbaraga, TVET ikazamurwa ku rwego rwo guhanga imirimo mishya, naho abarimu bagahabwa ubushobozi n’imibereho myiza ibafasha gukora neza.

Ku nsanganyamatsiko igira iti “Uburezi ni umwuga usaba ubufatanye,” U Rwanda rwerekana ko iterambere ry’uburezi ritagerwaho n’umuntu umwe gusa, ahubwo ari ihuriro ry’ingamba za Leta, ibigo by’amashuri, abarimu, ababyeyi n’abafatanyabikorwa. Iyo ubufatanye bukomeye, uburezi bwubaka igihugu, bufasha umwana w’Umunyarwanda gukura yizeye ejo hazaza.

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