Nigeria: Ibiribwa ku mihanda bihindutse ikibazo gikomeye ku buzima rusange

Mu mihanda minini n’iy’icyaro hirya no hino mu gihugu cya Nijeriya, hagiye haboneka ahantu hanini hihariye humishirizwa ibiribwa by’ingenzi nk’imyumbati (garri), ibigori, umuceri, ibishyimbo, urusenda n’imbuto za egusi, bigashyirwa ku zuba ku ruhande rw’imihanda nyabagendwa.

Amakuru dukesha ikinyamakuru dailypost.ng cyo muri nijeriya avuga ko, Ku bahinzi n’abatunganya umusaruro mu byaro, ubu buryo bubafasha kubika umusaruro badakoresheje amafaranga menshi. Ariko ku bahanga mu buzima n’imirire biravugwa ko bishobora kuba bitera indwara n’ingaruka z’igihe kirekire ku baturage.

Iyi myumvire yo kumisha ibiribwa ku mihanda ntiyihariye akarere kamwe ahubwo Igaragara mu Majyepfo ashyira Uburengerazuba nka Ogun, Ondo na Oyo, mu Majyaruguru yo Hagati nka Benue, Kogi na Niger, mu Majyepfo ashyira Uburasirazuba nka Imo, Enugu na Ebonyi, ndetse no mu Majyaruguru ashyira Uburasirazuba nka Adamawa, Taraba na Yobe. Mu buryo bwatunguye benshi, imihanda minini yo gutwara abantu n’ibicuruzwa yahindutse nk’aho ari “aho bumishirizwa umusaruro ku mugaragaro”.

Imodoka zinyura ku muvuduko mwinshi, zigateza ivumbi rinini rimanuka rigahita ryigira ku biribwa bigenewe amasoko n’amazu y’abantu. Amatungo agenda aho ashakiye, ubutaka bwambaye ubusa nabwo bukaba isoko ry’udukoko n’umwanda. Ikibonwa nk’ibisanzwe, impuguke ziburira ko ari ikibazo gikomeye cy’igihugu gishobora gutuma indwara ziyongera bucece.

Mu gace kamwe gatunganyirizwamo imyumbati, Madamu Adebisi, utunganya garri, yavuze ko kubyumisha ku muhanda babiterwa n’ubukene bw’ibikorwaremezo.

Yagize ati: “Ntitugira aho tubishyira mu ngo, kandi izuba ryo ku muhanda riba riri ryinshi. Turabirambika tukabireba kugeza nimugoroba.”

Ariko impuguke mu buzima bw’ibidukikije, Sani John, yavuze ko iryo vumbi ritari umucanga gusa.

Yagize ati: “Ivumbi rituruka ku modoka ririmo ibisigazwa bya peteroli, amavuta n’ibinyabutabire birimo ibyuma biremereye nka lead. Ibyo iyo byinjiye mu biribwa, kubimesa ntibikuraho byose. Abantu babirya buhoro buhoro bikangiza imibiri yabo batabizi.”

Yongeyeho ko kurya ibiribwa byanduye kenshi bishobora guteza indwara zo mu gifu, kugabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri no kwangiza ingingo z’imbere mu mubiri mu gihe kirekire.

Mu bice byinshi byagaragayeho kumisha umusaruro, hagiye hagaragara ihene n’inkoko bigenda ku biribwa byumishirijwe ku butaka birimo imyumbati yatangiye kubira, umuceri n’ibishyimbo bigenewe kugurishwa.

Umuhanga mu mirire, Madamu Helen Okorie, yavuze ko iyo amatungo agendagiye ku biribwa ahashyira udukoko, inzoka n’umwanda.

Yagize ati: “Ibiribwa biba bitakiri bisukuye. Indwara nyinshi nka diarrhée, typhoïde n’inzoka zo mu nda zikomoka kuri ubu buryo bwo gutunganya umusaruro. Ubutaka nabwo burimo udukoko twitwa fungi dukura iyo ibiribwa byumye buhoro.”

Yasobanuye ko hari n’udukoko twihariye dushobora gutanga aflatoxins—uburozi bukomeye bufitanye isano na kanseri y’umwijima no kudakura neza kw’abana.

 

Si imyumbati n’ibigori gusa byibasirwa. Umuceri n’ibishyimbo nabyo bikunze kumishwa ku mihanda nyuma yo kwozwa cyangwa gusarurwa. Aho bimumishirizwa, amabuye mato, umusenyi n’ivumbi bivangavanga n’ibinyampeke bigenewe isafuriya z’abantu.

Umucuruzi, Madamu Fatima Kudu, yavuze ko abantu benshi binubira amabuye mu muceri n’ibishyimbo batazi aho aturuka.

Yagize ati: “Abantu batekereza ko amabuye yose aturuka mu murima, nyamara menshi yinjira mu gihe cyo kubumisha no kubipakira ku muhanda.”

Abatwara imodoka nabo bavuga ko kumisha ibiribwa ku mihanda bishobora guteza impanuka. Umushoferi utwara abagenzi, Ibrahim Lawal, yavuze ko hari ubwo ibiribwa byinjira mu muhanda bigatuma abatwara imodoka bayoboka.

Yagize ati: “Hari aho abashoferi bayoboka bagamije kwirinda kubirenga, bigateza impanuka. Nanone imodoka zirabirenga bigangirika, abahinzi n’abacuruzi bagahomba.”

Umucuruzi, Madamu Funke Ade, nawe yavuze ko iyo abaguzi babonye garri irimo umusenyi bahita bagabanya igiciro, bigatera igihombo.

Umukozi w’ubuzima mu muryango wo muri Leta ya Osun, Madamu Desola Dotun, yahuje kumisha nabi ibiribwa n’iyiyongera ry’indwara zituruka ku mafunguro.

Yagize ati: “Abantu batekereza ko indwara zitangirira mu gikoni, nyamara zitangirira aho ibiribwa byumishirizwa. Duvura benshi bafite ibibazo by’igifu, food poisoning n’inzoka zo mu nda.”

 

Dr. Fredrick Agbo, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’ivuriro Talakawa Pharmacy, yavuze ko kumisha ibiribwa ku mihanda bibishyira mu byago byinshi birimo udukoko, fungi dutanga aflatoxins, udukoko n’inyamaswa zibyanduraho, ndetse n’ibinyabutabire biva ku myotsi y’imodoka.

Yagize ati: “Abantu baza kwa muganga bafite food poisoning n’indwara z’igihe kirekire zo mu gifu. Batekereza ko ari amazi cyangwa guteka nabi, nyamara ikibazo nyamukuru kiba cyarabaye mu gihe cyo kumisha.”

Yasabye ko hakwifashishwa uburyo bwizewe nk’ibyuma bizamura ibiribwa ku butaka, ibipfukisho bisukuye, solar dryers n’ububiko buboneye, anasaba Leta gutera inkunga abatunganya umusaruro.

Leta ya Niger itanga urugero

Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’iki kibazo, abayobozi n’abafatanyabikorwa muri Leta ya Niger batangiye kwamagana imikoreshereze mibi yo kumisha ibiribwa. Ibi byatangarijwe mu bukangurambaga bwabereye i Mokwa, bwateguwe na Leta ya Nigeria ku bufatanye na Leta ya Niger, IFAD na Value Chain Development Programme (VCDP).

Umuforomokazi Leah Hassana Yisa wo mu bitaro bya IBB i Minna yaburiye ko kumisha ibiribwa ku mihanda bishobora gutera indwara zikomeye zirimo food poisoning, kanseri n’indwara zo mu nda ziterwa n’amabuye amirwa.

Abayobozi b’uturere twa Lavun na Mokwa bavuze ko bazashyigikira abahinzi gushyira mu bikorwa ubumenyi bahawe, mu gihe VCDP yatangaje ko izatanga amapave (tarps) n’ubutaka busasweho sima bwo kumishirizaho.

Abahinzi bamwe batangaje ko bagiye guhindura imyumvire, bagahagarika kumisha ku mihanda.

Abahinzi bakeneye ubufasha, si ugushinjwa

Impuguke mu buhinzi, Peter Danjuma, yavuze ko abahinzi batari abateshutse ku bushake, ahubwo babura amahitamo.

Yagize ati: “Iyo Leta n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta bitanze ibikoresho byoroheje n’amahugurwa, kumisha ku mihanda byagabanuka cyane.”

 

Ibyagaragajwe n’iperereza byerekana ko kumisha ibiribwa ku mihanda atari ikosa rimwe, ahubwo ari urunigi rw’ingaruka ruhuza abahinzi, abacuruzi, abatwara ibicuruzwa, inzego z’ubugenzuzi n’abaguzi.

Ibiribwa Nigeria yishingikirijeho cyane bibanza kurambikwa ku mihanda irimo ivumbi, umwanda n’ibyotsi, bigahinduka intandaro y’indwara n’igihombo.

Urugero rwa Leta ya Niger rwerekana ko igisubizo gishoboka: gutanga ibikorwaremezo, kwigisha abaturage, kugenzura amasoko no guhuza inzego zose.

Nihatabaho gahunda ihamye ku rwego rw’igihugu, kumisha ku mihanda bizakomeza kuba “uruganda rutemewe” rutunganya ibiribwa bya Nigeria—ivumbi ryo ku mihanda rikomeza kugera ku meza y’abaturage.